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| Hölzel WGE, 1987, Clin Chem, 33, 57-61 | 2.81 | | Females | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Costongs GMPJ, Janson PCW and Bas BM, 1985, J Clin Chem Clin Biochem, 23, 7-16 | 5.7 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Young DS, Harris EK and Cotlove E, 1971, Clin Chem, 17, 403-10 | 4.38 | 7.04 | Males | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
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| Eckfeldt J,Chambless Ll and Shen Y, 1994, Arch Pathol Lab Med, 118, 496-500 | 4.2 | 9.5 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Hölzel WGE, 1987, Clin Chem, 33, 57-61 | 2.64 | | Males | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Carobene A, Marino I, Coskun A, Serteser M, Unsai I, Guerra E, Barlett WA, Sandberg S, Aarsand AK, Sylte MS, Roraas T, Solvik UO, Fernández-Calle P, Diaz-Garzón J, Tosato F, Plebani M, Jonker N, Barla G and Ceriotti F, 2017, Clin Chem, 63, 1527-36 | 4.4 | 17.1 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Gowans EMS, Fraser CG, 1988, Ann Clin Biochem, 25, 259-63 | 4.1 | 14.1 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Pineda-Tenor D , Laserna-Mendieta EJ, Timon-Zapata J, Rodelgo-Jimenez L, Ramos-Corral R, Recio-Montealegre A and Gomez-Serranillos Reus M, 2013, Clin Chem Lab Med, 51, 851-62 | 4.9 | 12.8 | Males | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Pineda-Tenor D , Laserna-Mendieta EJ, Timon-Zapata J, Rodelgo-Jimenez L, Ramos-Corral R, Recio-Montealegre A and Gomez-Serranillos Reus M, 2013, Clin Chem Lab Med, 51, 851-62 | 5.0 | 13.5 | Females | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Reinhard M, Erlandsen EJ and Randers E, 2009, Scand J Clin Lab Invest, 69, 831-6 | 4.7 | 14.4 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
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| Carobene A, Graziani MS, Lo Cascio C, Tretti L, Cremonese E, Yabarek T, Gambaro G and Ceriotti F., 2012, Clin Chem Lab Med, 50, 841-4 | 7.8 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Carobene A, Graziani MS, Lo Cascio C, Tretti L, Cremonese E, Yabarek T, Gambaro G and Ceriotti F., 2012, Clin Chem Lab Med, 50, 841-4 | 8.0 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Bailey D, Bevilacqua V, Colantonio DA, Pasic MD, Perumal N, Chan MK and Adeli K, 2014, Clin Chem, 60, 518-29 | | 23.3 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Winkel P and Statland BE, 1976, Clin Chem, 22, 1855-61 | 1.19 | | Females | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Loh TP, Ranieri e and Metz MP, 2014, Am J Clin Pathol, 142, 657-63 | 3.8 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Carter JL, Parker CT, Stevens PE, Eaglestone G, Knight S, Farmer CT and Lamb EJ, 2016, Clin Chem, 62, 876-83 | 5.7 | 51.3 | Males | Non-healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Dimitri G, Bolner A and Gheller A, 1992, Biochim Clin, 16, 401-3 | 4.3 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Selvin E, Juraschek SP, Eckfeldt J, Levey AS, Inker LA and Coresh J, 2013, Am J Kidney Dis, 61, 716-22 | 7.6 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Chitto G, Fabi A, Franzini C, Galletta G, Leonardi A, Marelli M and Morelli AM, 1994, Biochim Clin, 18, 673-690 | 5.4 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Bailey D, Bevilacqua V, Colantonio DA, Pasic MD, Perumal N, Chan MK and Adeli K, 2014, Clin Chem, 60, 518-29 | 4.2 | 4.1 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Bailey D, Bevilacqua V, Colantonio DA, Pasic MD, Perumal N, Chan MK and Adeli K, 2014, Clin Chem, 60, 518-29 | | 11.0 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Bailey D, Bevilacqua V, Colantonio DA, Pasic MD, Perumal N, Chan MK and Adeli K, 2014, Clin Chem, 60, 518-29 | | 15.7 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Pineda-Tenor D , Laserna-Mendieta EJ, Timon-Zapata J, Rodelgo-Jimenez L, Ramos-Corral R, Recio-Montealegre A and Gomez-Serranillos Reus M, 2013, Clin Chem Lab Med, 51, 851-62 | 7.0 | 16.6 | Females | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Sambasivan AS, Lepage N and Filler G, 2005, Clin Chem, 51, 2215-6 | 13.0 | 36.0 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Loh TP and Metz MP, 2015, Am J Clin Pathol, 143, 683-93 | 7.6 | 21.4 | Females | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Fraser CG., Cummings ST., Wilkinson SP., Neville RG., Knox JDE, Ho O and MacWalter RS, 1989, Clin Chem, 35, 783-6 | 4.3 | 18.3 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Statland BE, Winkel P and Bokelund H, 1973, Clin Chem, 19, 1374-9 | 5.4 | 33.2 | Males | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Delanaye P, Cavalier E, Depas G, Chapelle JP and Krzesinski JM, 2008, Nephron Clin Pract, 108, 246-8 | 5.8 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Reinhard M, Erlandsen EJ and Randers E, 2009, Scand J Clin Lab Invest, 69, 831-6 | 8.9 | | Mixed | Non-healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Qi Z, Chen Y, Zhang L, Ma X, Wang F, Cheng Q, Du J, Hao Y, Chi S, Cui W, 2016, Clin Chim Acta, 452, 87-91 | 3.2 | 3.4 | Males | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Thyagarajan B, Howard AG, Durazo-Arvizu R, Eckfeldt JH, Gellman MD, Kim RS, Liu K, Mendez AJ, Penedo FJ, Talavera GA, Youngblood ME, Zhao L and Sotres-Alvarez D, 2016, Clin Chim Acta, 463, 129-137 | 7.3 | 39.2 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Rivara MB, Zelnick LR, Hoofnagle AN, Newitt R, Tracy RP, Kratz M, Weigle DS and Kestenbaum BR, 2017, Clin Chem, 63, 915-23 | 7.1 | 18.2 | Males | Non-healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Winkel P, Statland BE and Bokelund H, 1974, Clin Chem, 20, 1520-7 | 3.7 | 9.5 | Males | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Qi Z, Chen Y, Zhang L, Ma X, Wang F, Cheng Q, Du J, Hao Y, Chi S, Cui W, 2016, Clin Chim Acta, 452, 87-91 | 5.2 | 6.4 | Females | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Morris HA, Wishart JM, Horowitz M, Need AG and Nordin BEC, 1990, Ann Clin Biochem, 27, 562-8 | 6.3 | 14.3 | Females | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Rosano TG and Brown HH, 1982, Clin Chem, 28, 2330-1 | 7.9 | | Males | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Andersen TB, Erlandsen EJ, FrokiaerJ, Eskild-Jensen A and Brochner-Mortensen J, 2010, Scand J Clin Lab Invest, , | 6.4 | 28.4 | Males | Non-healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Keevil BG, Kilpatrick ES, Nichols SP and Maylor PW, 1998, Clin Chem, 44, 1535-9 | 4.9 | 18.2 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Carobene A, Marino I, Coskun A, Serteser M, Unsai I, Guerra E, Barlett WA, Sandberg S, Aarsand AK, Sylte MS, Roraas T, Solvik UO, Fernández-Calle P, Diaz-Garzón J, Tosato F, Plebani M, Jonker N, Barla G and Ceriotti F, 2017, Clin Chem, 63, 1527-36 | 4.7 | 19.0 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Meijers WC, Van del Velde AR, Kobold ACM, et al, 2017, Eur J Hearth Failure , 19, 357-65 | 4.1 | 14.4 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Unknown |
| Biosca C, Ricós C, Jiménez CV, Lauzurica R and Galimany R, 1997, Clin Chem, 43, 2206-8 | 11.8 | 14.7 | Males | Non-healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Meijers WC, Van del Velde AR, Kobold ACM, et al, 2017, Eur J Hearth Failure , 19, 357-65 | 5.0 | 19.6 | Mixed | Non-healthy (excl pregnant) | Unknown |
| Fraser CG and Hearne CR, 1982, Ann Clin Biochem, 19, 431-4 | 13.4 | 15.3 | Males | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Fraser CG and Williams P, 1983, Clin Chem, 29, 508-10 | 6.4 | 61.5 | Males | Non-healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Gallagher SK, Johnson AK, Milne DB, 1992, Clin Chem, 38, 1449-53 | 8.4 | 6.2 | Females | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Loh TP and Metz MP, 2015, Am J Clin Pathol, 143, 683-93 | 7.5 | 19.6 | Males | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Pineda-Tenor D , Laserna-Mendieta EJ, Timon-Zapata J, Rodelgo-Jimenez L, Ramos-Corral R, Recio-Montealegre A and Gomez-Serranillos Reus M, 2013, Clin Chem Lab Med, 51, 851-62 | 7.1 | 18.2 | Males | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Delanaye P, Cavalier E, Depas G, Chapelle JP and Krzesinski JM, 2008, Nephron Clin Pract, 108, 246-8 | 5.0 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Toffaletti JG, McDonnell EH, 2008, Clinica Chimica Acta, 395, 115-9 | 5.8 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Biosca C, Ricós C, Lauzurica R and Petersen PH, 2006, Clin Chim Acta, 368, 188-191 | 8.5 | 24.7 | Mixed | Non-healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Toffaletti JG, McDonnell EH, 2008, Clinica Chimica Acta, 395, 115-9 | 6.2 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Lacher DA, Hughes JP and Carroll MD, 2010, National Health Statistics Reports , 21, | 6.7 | 27.6 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Serum |
| Qi Z, Chen Y, Zhang L, Ma X, Wang F, Cheng Q, Du J, Hao Y, Chi S, Cui W, 2016, Clin Chim Acta, 452, 87-91 | 4.3 | 14.0 | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
| Carobene A, Graziani MS, Lo Cascio C, Tretti L, Cremonese E, Yabarek T, Gambaro G and Ceriotti F., 2012, Clin Chem Lab Med, 50, 841-4 | 3.8 | | Mixed | Healthy (excl pregnant) | Plasma |
